What are the steps in the chain of infection?

The chain of infection includes a series of steps that illustrate how an infectious disease is transmitted from one individual to another. Understanding this chain is crucial for implementing effective infection control measures.

The correct answer effectively outlines the complete sequence involved in the transmission of infection. It starts with the pathogen, which is the infectious agent that causes disease. The next step is the reservoir, which is the natural habitat of the pathogen where it lives and multiplies. Following this, the method of transmission describes how the pathogen is transferred from the reservoir to a susceptible host. This can occur through different means, such as direct contact, droplets, or vectors.

The portal of exit is the pathway through which the pathogen leaves the reservoir, while the portal of entry is how the pathogen enters the susceptible host's body. Finally, the susceptible host is the person or organism that can contract the disease due to a weakened immune system or lack of immunity to the pathogen.

This comprehensive understanding of the entire sequence is essential for healthcare workers to break the chain of infection, implement preventive measures, and minimize the risk of disease transmission in healthcare settings.